JALTOMATA SANMIGUELINA (SOLANACEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM NORTHERN PERU

Mione Thomas, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, biology department, Central Connecticut State University
(New Britain, Connecticut 06050-4010, USA), mionet@ccsu.edu
Leiva González Segundo, Maestría en Botánica Tropical, Professor, Museum of Natural History, Antenor Orrego Private University (PO Box 1075, Trujillo, Peru), segundo_leiva@hotmail.com
Yacher Leon, Doctor of Geography, Professor, department of the environment, geography and marine sciences, Southern Connecticut State University (501 Crescent Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06515-1355, USA), Yacherl1@southernct.edu

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Background. Jaltomata (Solanaceae) is a plant genus most closely related to the potato and tomato genus, Solanum, and is represented by some 70 shrubby to herbaceous species having edible berries. Over 50 Jaltomata species grow naturally in Peru, from near sea level to 4,000 m elevation, and found in several varied ecologic and distinct geographic regions.
Materials and methods. Over a period of more than twenty years, we conducted fieldwork in remote places in Peru, borrowed herbarium specimens from numerous museums, and thoroughly studied all relevant taxonomic literature ever published in any language. While studying the taxonomy of the genus Jaltomata we discovered a new-to-science species, J. sanmiguelina Mione & S. Leiva.
Results. In the province of San Miguel, Department of Cajamarca, in northern Peru, a new-to-science species, J. sanmiguelina, is described and illustrated. It is a shrub growing 80–90 cm high with 5 (-6) flowers per inflorescence, and having protogynous flowers that close at night. The corolla is nearly rotate, and white with both 10 green petal spots in a ring and 10 purple petal spots proximal to the green spots. The lower half of the staminal filaments are purple and surrounded by transparent simple, nonglandular hairs while the distal half of the filament is white and hairless. The berries, orange at maturity, contain 20–39 seeds.
Conclusions. J. sanmiguelina grows only in Department Cajamarca, Province San Miguel, along the route from San Miguel to El Empalme, at 6º 56' 20,7" S, 78º 49' 57,7" W, elevation of 3,193 m. It is considered critically endangered because the extent of its range is smaller than 100 km2, the only place where it has been collected is the type locality, and there are also fewer than 50 mature individuals in the only known population.

Jaltomata, new species, Solanaceae, Northern Peru.

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